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abstract indexed · arXiv 2610.27013 · updated 2026-10-25

Decomposed Relation Extraction from Aviation Accident Narratives: Evaluating Transformer-Based Safety Knowledge Discovery under Relational Sparsity

First page of Decomposed Relation Extraction from Aviation Accident Narratives: Evaluating Transformer-Based Safety Knowledge Discovery under Relational Sparsity
From the original paper · arXiv 2610.27013Page 1. Select the image to read the PDF.

The method replaces end-to-end relation extraction with a decomposed pipeline: candidate concept pairs are enumerated first, then a TF-IDF Linear SVM or weighted RoBERTa classifier labels them as RESULTS_IN or CONTRIBUTES_TO. Cost is dominated by the candidate space (21,038 pairs from 300 narratives) and by quality: exhaustive evaluation collapsed Macro-F1 from ~0.47-0.48 in development to 0.24-0.27, with MCC near zero (0.013-0.020) and 7,018-9,824 false positives against 96-125 recovered true relations. What fails after adoption is precision at deployment scale: hard-negative sampled development scores did not transfer to exhaustive candidate evaluation, RoBERTa confidence distributions overlapped between classes, and false positives persisted even within valid relation directions, so known concept endpoints do not yield reliable extraction.

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recommendation
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research area
retrieval and RAG
technical change
Decomposed relation extraction with hard-negative sampled classifiers
published
2026-10-19

The paper reports a negative result showing this decomposed classifier approach fails under realistic relational sparsity, so the reader should treat it as a cautionary evaluation finding rather than adopt it, while noting its lesson that sampled-negative validation badly overestimates exhaustive performance.

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    The method replaces end-to-end relation extraction with a decomposed pipeline: candidate concept pairs are enumerated first, then a TF-IDF Linear SVM or weighted RoBERTa classifier labels them as RESULTS_IN or CONTRIBUTES_TO. Cost is dominated by the candidate space (21,038 pairs from 300 narratives) and by quality: exhaustive evaluation collapsed Macro-F1 from ~0.47-0.48 in development to 0.24-0.27, with MCC near zero (0.013-0.020) and 7,018-9,824 false positives against 96-125 recovered true relations. What fails after adoption is precision at deployment scale: hard-negative sampled development scores did not transfer to exhaustive candidate evaluation, RoBERTa confidence distributions overlapped between classes, and false positives persisted even within valid relation directions, so known concept endpoints do not yield reliable extraction.

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quality

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arXiv 2610.27013

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