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abstract indexed · arXiv 2609.37604 · updated 2026-10-18

GraphVQ: Structure-Aware Autoregressive Decoding over Context-Quantized Graph Tokens

First page of GraphVQ: Structure-Aware Autoregressive Decoding over Context-Quantized Graph Tokens
From the original paper · arXiv 2609.37604Page 1. Select the image to read the PDF.

GraphVQ replaces one-pass autoregressive graph generation conditioned on a single global summary with a two-stage pipeline: a VQ-VAE tokenizes node contexts into a shared codebook, and a structure-aware decoder emits the adjacency from pair-level token features. The cost is training and maintaining two models (tokenizer plus pair decoder), which is feasible on a single 24 GB GPU for small molecular/protein-scale graphs but adds pipeline complexity, and the authors themselves report failure on MUTAG where the unweighted edge target under-generates. The method's gain vanishes on the random-label control, so it depends on genuine attribute-topology coupling in the data and offers no benefit where node attributes carry no edge-relevant signal.

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Context-quantized graph tokens with pair-conditioned structure decoder
published
2026-09-29

This is a graph generation research contribution, not an LLM inference or training efficiency technique, so it is only relevant to the reader if their production workload specifically involves distribution-faithful graph generation, in which case the small-scale training requirements are compatible with their hardware.

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    GraphVQ replaces one-pass autoregressive graph generation conditioned on a single global summary with a two-stage pipeline: a VQ-VAE tokenizes node contexts into a shared codebook, and a structure-aware decoder emits the adjacency from pair-level token features. The cost is training and maintaining two models (tokenizer plus pair decoder), which is feasible on a single 24 GB GPU for small molecular/protein-scale graphs but adds pipeline complexity, and the authors themselves report failure on MUTAG where the unweighted edge target under-generates. The method's gain vanishes on the random-label control, so it depends on genuine attribute-topology coupling in the data and offers no benefit where node attributes carry no edge-relevant signal.

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  2. claim 02Paperraft inference

    Pair conditioning improves orbit MMD 2.7--17x over one-stage generation on three datasets, and 0.248 -> 0.174 on PROTEINS versus a global-summary condition.

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