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abstract indexed · arXiv 2609.30249 · updated 2026-10-18

RAPID: Robot Agentic Programming from Demonstrations

First page of RAPID: Robot Agentic Programming from Demonstrations
From the original paper · arXiv 2609.30249Page 1. Select the image to read the PDF.

RAPID replaces hand-written robot task programs and classical imitation-learning policies with an agentic loop in which an LLM coding agent infers a testable task specification, action primitives, and a verification environment from a single visual demonstration, then iteratively generates and refines an object-centric relational program using trajectory optimization. The cost is a bespoke robotics stack: action primitives, an interactive simulator or physical arm for execution feedback, and trajectory-optimization infrastructure, none of which run on a single 24 GB GPU workstation alone. Failure modes include incorrect inferred task specifications, verification environments that pass programs which fail on the real robot, and poor transfer to tasks whose geometry or contacts differ from the demonstration.

For solo builders

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Your coding assistant makes changes that still need substantial repair before merging.

What you would change

Try the technique on held-out issues from a repository with reliable tests.

Try the idea on your product

A proposed first test. Set your budget and success criteria before running it.

Try the technique on held-out issues from a repository with reliable tests.

Compare against

The same coding agent, repository snapshot, tools, and token budget.

  1. Locate the paper's implementation and check its license, model support, data needs, and hardware requirements. Stop here if you cannot obtain the required artifacts.
  2. Save a small set of representative product tasks and expected outcomes. Keep evaluation tasks out of any training or tuning, and choose quality and cost limits before running.
  3. Run the baseline and the proposed change on identical inputs. Keep other settings fixed and repeat paired runs to expose variation.
  4. Save per-task outputs, failures, timings, and all usage costs. Review regressions before expanding the test.

What to measure

Correct patches, regression failures, human repair time, and total cost per accepted change.

When to keep it

Keep the change only if it meets your preselected quality and latency limits and improves the metric you care about after setup and operating costs. Otherwise retain the baseline. This is an exploration plan, not a validated recommendation.

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published evidence setup
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source-linked claims
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exposure checks
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Why it was shortlisted

The technical change, research area, and reason it entered the archive.

recommendation
watch
research area
coding agents
technical change
Agentic robot code generation from one demonstration
published
2026-09-24

The method targets contact-rich robot manipulation rather than the reader's language-model production workload, and adopting it requires robotic hardware, simulators, and primitives that constrained infrastructure does not provide.

About the technical core

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Claims and evidence

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  1. claim 01Paperraft inference
    Read the brief interpretation

    RAPID replaces hand-written robot task programs and classical imitation-learning policies with an agentic loop in which an LLM coding agent infers a testable task specification, action primitives, and a verification environment from a single visual demonstration, then iteratively generates and refines an object-centric relational program using trajectory optimization. The cost is a bespoke robotics stack: action primitives, an interactive simulator or physical arm for execution feedback, and trajectory-optimization infrastructure, none of which run on a single 24 GB GPU workstation alone. Failure modes include incorrect inferred task specifications, verification environments that pass programs which fail on the real robot, and poor transfer to tasks whose geometry or contacts differ from the demonstration.

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Exposure map

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quality

Still unknown

Which tasks improve, and which regress against the baseline?

compute and memory

Still unknown

What memory, hardware, and total compute does the complete method require?

latency

Still unknown

Are startup time, typical response time, and slow requests measured separately?

operations

Still unknown

What must be monitored, maintained, and rolled back?

software compatibility

Still unknown

Does the implementation support your model, runtime, and hardware?

security

Still unknown

What new data access, permissions, or trust boundaries does it introduce?

data and training

Still unknown

What data preparation or training is required, and is it included in the cost?

reproducibility

Still unknown

Are code, versions, inputs, and evaluation scripts available?

Continue the investigation

A reading guide for coding agents.

Editorial prompts, not findings from this paper or a validated test plan. Detailed analysis is still pending for the topics below.

What to inspect

Does the evaluation use held-out repositories and tests the agent cannot modify?

Plan a fair comparison

Can you run both agents against the same repository snapshot, tool permissions, and time budget?

Questions for adoption

How many tasks pass independent tests, and what is the cost per accepted change?

Read the paper with these questions

Inside the paper

Preview the first 3 pages of the original PDF. Click the stack to turn the page.

The downloadable skill includes SKILL.md and evidence.json, with recorded findings and unanswered checks. TRY-IT.md adds a product test plan and a blank results sheet.

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Provisional research brief updated 2026-10-18. Paperraft has not reproduced this experiment.

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arXiv 2609.30249

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