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abstract indexed · arXiv 2609.27249 · updated 2026-10-18

From PyTorch to the NPU: LLM-Agent-Driven Model Conversion Across Heterogeneous Inference Runtimes

First page of From PyTorch to the NPU: LLM-Agent-Driven Model Conversion Across Heterogeneous Inference Runtimes
From the original paper · arXiv 2609.27249Page 1. Select the image to read the PDF.

The method replaces manual, engineer-driven model porting (PyTorch to OpenVINO, RKNN, TensorRT, or ONNX Runtime) with an LLM agent that executes staged conversion, operator repair, and precision verification using injected runtime-specific knowledge and a layout-adaptation layer. The cost is agent orchestration overhead, dependence on runtime-specific skills and auxiliary scripts that must be authored and maintained per backend, and the paper's own characterization of agent deviation behavior even under structured knowledge injection. Failures include agent divergence during operator-compatibility repair, FP16 precision mismatches caught only by staged verification, and toolchain brittleness when target runtime versions change.

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research area
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LLM-agent-driven multi-runtime model conversion
published
2026-09-23

The technique targets heterogeneous edge hardware (RK3588, Qualcomm NPU, x86/NPU) that the reader's single-GPU, API-based infrastructure does not include, and the paper provides engineering practice experience rather than validated quantitative gains.

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    The method replaces manual, engineer-driven model porting (PyTorch to OpenVINO, RKNN, TensorRT, or ONNX Runtime) with an LLM agent that executes staged conversion, operator repair, and precision verification using injected runtime-specific knowledge and a layout-adaptation layer. The cost is agent orchestration overhead, dependence on runtime-specific skills and auxiliary scripts that must be authored and maintained per backend, and the paper's own characterization of agent deviation behavior even under structured knowledge injection. Failures include agent divergence during operator-compatibility repair, FP16 precision mismatches caught only by staged verification, and toolchain brittleness when target runtime versions change.

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quality

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compute and memory

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latency

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operations

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software compatibility

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