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abstract indexed · arXiv 2609.16485 · updated 2026-10-18

Certified Inference and Training for Deep Equilibrium Networks: A Continuation Framework with Polynomial Complexity Guarantees

First page of Certified Inference and Training for Deep Equilibrium Networks: A Continuation Framework with Polynomial Complexity Guarantees
From the original paper · arXiv 2609.16485Page 1. Select the image to read the PDF.

The method replaces standard fixed-point iteration and implicit-differentiation training of deep equilibrium networks with a certified homotopy-continuation tracker plus an interpolation-based trainer using dormant bilinear rank-one channels. It costs implementation complexity far beyond standard DEQ code: certified gate realization, column stability checks, loaded Tikhonov solves, and precision budgets, none of which are supported by existing frameworks. The guarantees hold only on a certified promise class; on real instances outside that class the certified passes can fail, requiring residual-aligned repair, and no measured latency or quality benefit exists.

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Certified continuation framework for DEQ inference and training
published
2026-09-15

This is a theoretical complexity and formal-verification result whose certified promise class, heavy precondition machinery, and absence of demonstrated practical speed or quality gains make it unsuitable for production adoption on constrained infrastructure today.

Central equations

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For input u∈ℝdu, consider

x=φ⁡(W0​x+M​C​NT​x+U​u+c),x∈ℝn.

equation (1) · §3 The DEQ architecture and computational problem · proposed method

For the base model (1), let D be the activation derivative matrix. Set

A=I−D​W0,B=D​M​C,L=NT,Q=I−L​A−1​B.

equation (3) · §4 Certified inference · proposed method

Suppose decoding from y is C-Lipschitz on the encountered region, where C≥1, and put p=b+⌈log2⁡(C​R)⌉+2. There is a rounded continuation producing output error at most 2−b using

O​(γ−3​(p+1))

unnumbered equation · §4 Certified inference · complexity

equations from arXiv HTML · fetched 2026-10-15

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    The method replaces standard fixed-point iteration and implicit-differentiation training of deep equilibrium networks with a certified homotopy-continuation tracker plus an interpolation-based trainer using dormant bilinear rank-one channels. It costs implementation complexity far beyond standard DEQ code: certified gate realization, column stability checks, loaded Tikhonov solves, and precision budgets, none of which are supported by existing frameworks. The guarantees hold only on a certified promise class; on real instances outside that class the certified passes can fail, requiring residual-aligned repair, and no measured latency or quality benefit exists.

    This is a Paperraft inference. It is not pinned to a verified PDF passage.

    Inspect the source
  2. claim 02Paperraft inference

    Bit cost O(poly(L+b)) with O(b+l) training passes; numerical comparisons are illustrative only, with no empirical speedup or accuracy gain reported.

    This is a Paperraft inference. It is not pinned to a verified PDF passage.

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