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abstract indexed · arXiv 2609.12310 · updated 2026-10-18

ESTS at WMT26: Routing-Informed Expert Pruning for Model Compression

First page of ESTS at WMT26: Routing-Informed Expert Pruning for Model Compression
From the original paper · arXiv 2609.12310Page 1. Select the image to read the PDF.

The method replaces a full 20B-parameter mixture-of-experts model with a layer-wise pruned specialist, ranking experts by task-specific routing mass and allocating retained capacity via cross-lingual routing divergence, followed by recovery fine-tuning on synthetic data and MXFP4 quantization of the remaining expert weights. It costs a multi-stage pipeline: routing-statistics collection over task data, synthetic recovery-tuning data generated by a proprietary frontier model (GPT-5.1), retraining compute, and a custom inference stack with category inference, validation, retries, and fallback logic. It can fail when routing statistics do not transfer to unseen domains, when pruned experts carry rare-but-critical capability, when MXFP4 quantization compounds pruning error, or when the synthetic teacher data biases the specialist toward teacher artifacts, and the reported quality rests on pseudo-references from the same model family that generated the training data.

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What you would change

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Compare against

The original unpruned model at the same precision, context, and load.

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  3. Run the baseline and the proposed change on identical inputs. Keep other settings fixed and repeat paired runs to expose variation.
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What to measure

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When to keep it

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Why it was shortlisted

The technical change, research area, and reason it entered the archive.

recommendation
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research area
sparsity and pruning
technical change
Routing-informed MoE expert pruning with MXFP4 quantization
published
2026-09-11

The pipeline depends on a specific MoE base model, proprietary-model-generated recovery data, and task-specific engineering effort, so it is worth tracking but not directly adoptable on a single 24 GB GPU without substantial replication work.

Central equations

Original equations, typeset for reading. Paperraft explanations connect the mechanism, its aim, and the evidence.

In an MoE language model, at each layer ℓ∈{1,…,L} the router converts input hidden states 𝒉iℓ into logits 𝒛iℓ over all E experts. The top-K experts are then activated and aggregated using normalized weights. Accordingly, the weight of the output of each expert ε at token i can be defined as:

𝒘i,εℓ={f​(𝒉iℓ)εif ​ε∈top-​K 0otherwise

equation (1) · §3 Model Compression and Recovery · baseline

Divtℓ=DJS(𝒒tℓ||𝒒Engℓ)∈[0,1]

equation (2) · §Appendix A Routing Divergence Metric · proposed method

remaining expert slots to allocate. We then repeatedly distribute the remaining budget across layers that are not yet full. The upper bound for each cℓ is of course E, the number of experts in each MoE layer of the unpruned model. Let 𝒰={ℓ:cℓ<E} be the current set of non-full layers. For each ℓ∈𝒰, we allocate an additional real-valued capacity increment

Δ​cℓ=dℓs∑j∈𝒰djs​B.

unnumbered equation · §Appendix B Dynamic Capacity Allocation Details · proposed method

equations from arXiv HTML · fetched 2026-09-29

Claims and evidence

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    The method replaces a full 20B-parameter mixture-of-experts model with a layer-wise pruned specialist, ranking experts by task-specific routing mass and allocating retained capacity via cross-lingual routing divergence, followed by recovery fine-tuning on synthetic data and MXFP4 quantization of the remaining expert weights. It costs a multi-stage pipeline: routing-statistics collection over task data, synthetic recovery-tuning data generated by a proprietary frontier model (GPT-5.1), retraining compute, and a custom inference stack with category inference, validation, retries, and fallback logic. It can fail when routing statistics do not transfer to unseen domains, when pruned experts carry rare-but-critical capability, when MXFP4 quantization compounds pruning error, or when the synthetic teacher data biases the specialist toward teacher artifacts, and the reported quality rests on pseudo-references from the same model family that generated the training data.

    This is a Paperraft inference. It is not pinned to a verified PDF passage.

    Inspect the source
  2. claim 02Paperraft inference

    Experts are physically removed from GPT-OSS-20B to reach 4.186B-7.770B total parameters (roughly 2.6x-4.8x parameter reduction) with packed artifacts of 4.55-6.33 GiB; quality is supported only by internal xCOMET-XL scoring against GPT-5.1 pseudo-references, not an independent benchmark.

    This is a Paperraft inference. It is not pinned to a verified PDF passage.

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quality

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compute and memory

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latency

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operations

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software compatibility

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security

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data and training

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reproducibility

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Continue the investigation

A reading guide for sparsity and pruning.

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What to inspect

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